Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan

Mining Dependency, Public Expenditure, and Regional Economic Structural Transformation in Central Sulawesi Province

Marselius Fransiskus Talahatu — 2026-04-25

This study analyzes the effect of dependence on the mining sector and regional public spending on the process of economic structural transformation at the district/city level using panel data from 13 districts/cities in Central Sulawesi Province during the period 2013–2023. The analysis was conducted using a two-way Fixed Effects model with cluster-robust standard errors to control for differences in regional characteristics and intertemporal changes. The results show that dependence on the mining sector has a negative and significant effect on non-mining economic performance per capita (β = −3.36; p < 0.01). This finding indicates the existence of structural pressures arising from the dominance of the extractive sector at the regional level. Population size, as a proxy for economic agglomeration, has a positive and significant effect (β = 1.91; p < 0.01), reflecting the role of economies of scale in strengthening non-mining activities. The public expenditure variable shows an economically relevant coefficient direction. The interaction model shows that capital expenditure has the potential to mitigate the negative impact of mining dependence, but the effect is marginal (p < 0.10). The results of this study confirm that regions that depend on the mining sector tend to face obstacles in strengthening their non-mining economic base. A reorientation of public expenditure that is more productive and focused on developing the non-extractive sector is needed to support the regional structural transformation process

Discovering Poverty and Its Influencing Factors in the Capital City of Nusantara (IKN)

Dio Caisar Darma — 2026-04-30

This paper explores the causality between per capita expenditure (PCE), unemployment (Umt), and labour supply (LS) on poverty (Pvt) through health quality (HQ) in the IKN region during 2016–2024. The rationale for this research is that the IKN project has the potential to rapidly transform the labour market and economic structure, meaning that the impact of economic growth on poverty is influenced not only by the scale of economic activity itself but also by the population’s health capacity to respond to economic pressures and opportunities. Furthermore, health quality plays a crucial role in enhancing or diminishing the effectiveness of expenditure and employment opportunities in reducing poverty; therefore, neglecting this element risks producing IKN development policies that are neither inclusive nor sustainable. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was employed to analyse secondary panel data, which was adapted into a multiple regression and moderation model, yielding three key findings. First, PCE and Umt have a significant effect on HQ. Second, Umt, LS, and HQ significantly influence Pvt. Third, PCE and Umt, moderated by HQ, are shown to have a significant effect on Pvt. Among the variables examined, only Umt consistently plays a significant role in extending HQ or reducing Pvt.

Human Capital, Inequality, and Poverty: Pathways to Achieving SDGs 1 and 10

Eza Nur Fauzan — 2026-04-30

This study aims to analyze the relationship between human capital, income inequality, and poverty within the framework of achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 and 10. The method used is bibliometrics by following the PRISMA guidelines. The results of the study show that human capital plays an important role in reducing poverty, especially through improving education, skills, and health. However, its effectiveness is greatly influenced by the distribution of opportunities and the level of income inequality. When access to human capital is unequal, its benefits tend to widen social disparities, so that poverty alleviation efforts be less than optimal. These findings underscore the importance of integrating human development policies with economic redistribution strategies to ensure that social investments are truly inclusive and equitable. The originality of this research lies in its comprehensive mapping of the latest literature linking the three main dimensions of human capital, income inequality, and poverty within the SDGs framework. The practical implication is that governments and policymakers need to ensure that investments in human capital are accompanied by equitable access, so that they can be an effective instrument for sustainable poverty reduction

Women’s Contribution to Economic Growth in BRICS and Partner Countries: A Dynamic Modeling Approach

Galang Samudra — 2026-04-30

This study investigates the women’s contribution in driving economic growth in BRICS countries using a dynamic panel approach. It examines fertility, women’s education, and female labor participation, along with key macroeconomic controls, based on panel data from 14 countries over 2008–2022. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is employed to address endogeneity and capture dynamic effects. The findings indicate that fertility, female labor force participation, and women’s education significantly promote economic growth, underscoring the importance of demographic factors, employment, and human capital. The negative interaction between fertility and female labor participation reflects a trade-off between reproductive and productive roles. Additionally, growth remains positively associated with carbon emissions, indicating reliance on carbon-intensive development. These results highlight the need for gender-inclusive and sustainable growth strategies

The National Health Insurance and Infant Mortality: A Study from Indonesia

Ridwan Ibadurrohman — 2026-04-30

This study examines the relationship between Indonesia’s National Health Insurance program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional/JKN) and infant mortality. Using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI), the analysis applies Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to address potential selection bias. After controlling for a range of health-related, demographic, and socioeconomic variables, the results show that participation in the National Health Insurance program is positively and significantly associated with higher perinatal survival, indicating lower infant mortality. However, the heterogeneity analysis highlights important distributional differences. A positive, statistically significant association is observed only among households in the low and middle-income groups, suggesting that the benefits of JKN are not evenly distributed across income levels. Moreover, when examined by geographic region, the significant association between JKN utilization and improved perinatal survival is found only in Java and Sumatra. This study provides updated national evidence on the association between JKN utilization and infant mortality using the latest survey data.