WORK LIFE BALANCE, EMPLOYEE WELL BEING, DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN: PERAN MEDIASI KEPUASAN KERJA
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh work life balance dan employee well-being terhadap kinerja karyawan, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi pada perusahaan manufaktur makanan dan minuman. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjawab inkonsistensi temuan penelitian sebelumnya mengenai peran mediasi kepuasan kerja, khususnya pada sektor manufaktur makanan dan minuman yang memiliki tuntutan kerja tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan landasan Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) Theory, Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory, dan Two-Factor Theory. Pendekatan kuantitatif diterapkan melalui survei terhadap 156 karyawan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert lima poin dan dianalisis dengan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) menggunakan SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa work life balance, employee well-being, dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kepuasan kerja memediasi secara signifikan hubungan antara employee well-being dan kinerja karyawan, tetapi tidak memediasi hubungan antara work life balance dan kinerja karyawan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa employee well-being meningkatkan kinerja secara langsung maupun melalui kepuasan kerja, sedangkan work life balance terutama berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kinerja karyawan.Downloads
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References
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Assyahidah, N., Purwidianti, W., & Fitriati, A. (2024). The role of job satisfaction as mediation on the influence of work life balance and training on job performance. Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 24(6), 92-106. doi:https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61345
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of occupational health psychology, 22(3), 273. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
Bhat, Z. H., Yousuf, U., & Saba, N. (2023). Revolutionizing work-life balance: Unleashing the power of telecommuting on work engagement and exhaustion levels. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2), 2242160. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2242160
BPS. (2024). Statistik Penyediaan Makanan dan Minuman. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/12/31/e46a55af756331ede8016b91/statistik-penyediaan-makanan-minuman-2024.html
Chen, B., Wang, L., Li, B., & Liu, W. (2022). Work stress, mental health, and employee performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1006580. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1006580
Christian, M., Gularso, K., Samodra, G. S., Yuniarto, Y., Wibowo, S., Sunarno, S., & Syafani, F. (2023). The mediating and moderating role of work-life balance on performance of distribution center employees. Journal of Distribution Science, 21(11), 55-66.
Dias, Á., Feixeira, C., Pereira, L., Costa, R. L. d., & Gonçalves, R. (2022). The work-life balance and job satisfaction. International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 43(3), 401-420. doi:https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsom.2022.126981
Fabanyo, N., Wahab Hasyim, A., Alhadar, F., Kerja dan Kehidupan, K., & Karyawan, K. (2025). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance terhadap Peningkatan Employee Performance melalui Employee Engagement dan Job Satisfaction sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis Dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi, 12(2), 821–853. doi:https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v12i2.61966
Faisal, A., Hameed, M., & Aleemi, A. R. (2022). Work-life balance and job performance: A mediating and moderating model. Market Forces, 17(1), 1-22. doi:https://doi.org/10.51153/mf.v17i1.558
Firman, A., Lala, A. N. T., & Ali, F. (2025). Impact of employee well-being on employee performance: The role of empowerment as an intervening variable. International Conference of Business, Education, Health, and Scien-Tech, 2(1), 47-58.
Gazi, M. A. I., Yusof, M. F., Islam, M. A., Amin, M. B., & bin S Senathirajah, A. R. (2024). Analyzing the impact of employee job satisfaction on their job behavior in the industrial setting: An analysis from the perspective of job performance. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(4), 100427. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100427
Gunawan, E. F., Sudarmiatin, S., & Churiyah, M. (2024). The effect of work-life balance and compensation on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 5(1), 749-764. doi:https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i1.478
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R.
Herzberg, F. (1965). The motivation to work among Finnish supervisors. Personnel psychology, 18(4), 393–402. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1965.tb00294.x
Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J.-P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of resources in the organizational context: The reality of resources and their consequences. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 5, 103-128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
Kanwar, Y., Singh, A., & Kodwani, A. D. (2009). Work life balance and burnout as predictors of job satisfaction in the IT-ITES industry. Vision, 13(2), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/097226290901300201
Katebi, A., HajiZadeh, M. H., Bordbar, A., & Salehi, A. M. (2022). The relationship between “job satisfaction” and “job performance”: A meta-analysis. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 23(1), 21-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-021-00280-y
Kelly, M., Soles, R., Garcia, E., & Kundu, I. (2020). Job stress, burnout, work-life balance, well-being, and job satisfaction among pathology residents and fellows. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 153(4), 449-469. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa013
Kosec, Z., Sekulic, S., Wilson-Gahan, S., Rostohar, K., Tusak, M., & Bon, M. (2022). Correlation between employee performance, well-being, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction in sedentary jobs in Slovenian enterprises. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 10427. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610427
Kundi, Y. M., Aboramadan, M., Elhamalawi, E. M., & Shahid, S. (2021). Employee psychological well-being and job performance: Exploring mediating and moderating mechanisms. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(3), 736-754. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-05-2020-2204
Kurniasari, D. M., & Bahjahtullah, Q. M. (2022). The influence of work life balance, work stress and islamic work ethics on the performance of millenial employess in the covid 19 pandemic with job satisfaction as intervening variable (Case study Of Bank BTN Syariah KC Solo). NISBAH: Jurnal Perbankan Syariah, 8(1), 23-39. doi:https://doi.org/10.30997/jn.v8i1.5706
Kuruppu, C., Pathirana, G., & Rodrigo, J. (2022). The impact of job satisfaction on employee performance: A case at ABC manufacturing company. Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 22(2), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2022/v22i230541
Marecki, Ł. (2023). Impact of work-life balance on employee productivity and well-being. Journal of Management and Financial Sciences(50), 165-178. doi:https://doi.org/10.33119/jmfs.2023.50.9
Memon, A. H., Khahro, S. H., Memon, N. A., Memon, Z. A., & Mustafa, A. (2023). Relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance in the construction industry of Pakistan. Sustainability, 15(11), 8699. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118699
Moustafa, M. A., Elrayah, M., Aljoghaiman, A., Hasanein, A. M., & Ali, M. A. (2024). How does sustainable organizational support affect job burnout in the hospitality sector? The mediating role of psychological capital. Sustainability, 16(2), 840. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020840
Nurhasanah, N., Pratama, Y. A. S., & Nurmaisyah, I. (2023). The effect of job satisfaction, work-life balance and psychological well-being on employee performance at PT JAS. Applied Quantitative Analysis, 2(2), 1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.31098/quant.944
Nurhasanah, N., & Sarah, S. (2025). The influence of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on employee performance. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(3), 1411-1420. doi:https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i3.3342
Perumal, R., & Aithal, P. (2023). The significance and influence of Human Resource Management (HRM) on enterprise performance in the manufacturing sector: An in-depth analysis of Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) impacts. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 7(4), 291-299. doi:https://doi.org/10.47992/ijaeml.2581.7000.0205
Pradhan, R. K., & Hati, L. (2022). The measurement of employee well-being: Development and validation of a scale. Global Business Review, 23(2), 385-407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919859101
Rahmadhani, N. P., & Priyanti, Y. (2022). Konsep dasar kepuasan kerja: Sebuah tinjauan teori. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis, Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 1(1), 39-48. doi:https://doi.org/10.61930/jebmak.v1i1.7
Sugiyono, P. D. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D (M. Dr. Ir. Sutopo. S. Pd. ALFABETA, cv.
Susanto, P., Hoque, M. E., Jannat, T., Emely, B., Zona, M. A., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Work-life balance, job satisfaction, and job performance of SMEs employees: The moderating role of family-supportive supervisor behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 906876. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906876
Thalia, S., Bahiroh, E., Imron, A., & Harun, A. (2025). Effect of work life balance on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. Journal of Business Management and Economic Development, 3(02), 800-812. doi:https://doi.org/10.59653/jbmed.v3i02.1727
Udin, U. (2023). The impact of work-life balance on employee performance: Mediating role of affective commitment and job satisfaction. International Journal of Sustainable Development & Planning, 18(11), 3649-3655. doi:https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.181131
Wafy, D. J. I., & Deka, A. (2024). The effect of human resource management on employee performance–a systematic literature review. Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(1), 98-108. doi:https://doi.org/10.46287/drkz7140
Yang, Y., Obrenovic, B., Kamotho, D. W., Godinic, D., & Ostic, D. (2024). Enhancing job performance: The critical roles of well-being, satisfaction, and trust in supervisor. Behavioral Sciences, 14(8), 688. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080688
Ahmaddien, I. (2024). Effect of work-life balance on employee performance mediated by job satisfaction. Jurnal ilmiah edunomika, 8(1), 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.29040/jie.v8i1.11228
Assyahidah, N., Purwidianti, W., & Fitriati, A. (2024). The role of job satisfaction as mediation on the influence of work life balance and training on job performance. Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 24(6), 92-106. doi:https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61345
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of occupational health psychology, 22(3), 273. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
Bhat, Z. H., Yousuf, U., & Saba, N. (2023). Revolutionizing work-life balance: Unleashing the power of telecommuting on work engagement and exhaustion levels. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2), 2242160. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2242160
BPS. (2024). Statistik Penyediaan Makanan dan Minuman. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/12/31/e46a55af756331ede8016b91/statistik-penyediaan-makanan-minuman-2024.html
Chen, B., Wang, L., Li, B., & Liu, W. (2022). Work stress, mental health, and employee performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1006580. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1006580
Christian, M., Gularso, K., Samodra, G. S., Yuniarto, Y., Wibowo, S., Sunarno, S., & Syafani, F. (2023). The mediating and moderating role of work-life balance on performance of distribution center employees. Journal of Distribution Science, 21(11), 55-66.
Dias, Á., Feixeira, C., Pereira, L., Costa, R. L. d., & Gonçalves, R. (2022). The work-life balance and job satisfaction. International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 43(3), 401-420. doi:https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsom.2022.126981
Fabanyo, N., Wahab Hasyim, A., Alhadar, F., Kerja dan Kehidupan, K., & Karyawan, K. (2025). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance terhadap Peningkatan Employee Performance melalui Employee Engagement dan Job Satisfaction sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis Dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi, 12(2), 821–853. doi:https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v12i2.61966
Faisal, A., Hameed, M., & Aleemi, A. R. (2022). Work-life balance and job performance: A mediating and moderating model. Market Forces, 17(1), 1-22. doi:https://doi.org/10.51153/mf.v17i1.558
Firman, A., Lala, A. N. T., & Ali, F. (2025). Impact of employee well-being on employee performance: The role of empowerment as an intervening variable. International Conference of Business, Education, Health, and Scien-Tech, 2(1), 47-58.
Gazi, M. A. I., Yusof, M. F., Islam, M. A., Amin, M. B., & bin S Senathirajah, A. R. (2024). Analyzing the impact of employee job satisfaction on their job behavior in the industrial setting: An analysis from the perspective of job performance. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(4), 100427. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100427
Gunawan, E. F., Sudarmiatin, S., & Churiyah, M. (2024). The effect of work-life balance and compensation on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 5(1), 749-764. doi:https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i1.478
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R.
Herzberg, F. (1965). The motivation to work among Finnish supervisors. Personnel psychology, 18(4), 393–402. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1965.tb00294.x
Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J.-P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of resources in the organizational context: The reality of resources and their consequences. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 5, 103-128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
Kanwar, Y., Singh, A., & Kodwani, A. D. (2009). Work life balance and burnout as predictors of job satisfaction in the IT-ITES industry. Vision, 13(2), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/097226290901300201
Katebi, A., HajiZadeh, M. H., Bordbar, A., & Salehi, A. M. (2022). The relationship between “job satisfaction” and “job performance”: A meta-analysis. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 23(1), 21-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-021-00280-y
Kelly, M., Soles, R., Garcia, E., & Kundu, I. (2020). Job stress, burnout, work-life balance, well-being, and job satisfaction among pathology residents and fellows. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 153(4), 449-469. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa013
Kosec, Z., Sekulic, S., Wilson-Gahan, S., Rostohar, K., Tusak, M., & Bon, M. (2022). Correlation between employee performance, well-being, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction in sedentary jobs in Slovenian enterprises. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 10427. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610427
Kundi, Y. M., Aboramadan, M., Elhamalawi, E. M., & Shahid, S. (2021). Employee psychological well-being and job performance: Exploring mediating and moderating mechanisms. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(3), 736-754. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-05-2020-2204
Kurniasari, D. M., & Bahjahtullah, Q. M. (2022). The influence of work life balance, work stress and islamic work ethics on the performance of millenial employess in the covid 19 pandemic with job satisfaction as intervening variable (Case study Of Bank BTN Syariah KC Solo). NISBAH: Jurnal Perbankan Syariah, 8(1), 23-39. doi:https://doi.org/10.30997/jn.v8i1.5706
Kuruppu, C., Pathirana, G., & Rodrigo, J. (2022). The impact of job satisfaction on employee performance: A case at ABC manufacturing company. Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 22(2), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2022/v22i230541
Marecki, Ł. (2023). Impact of work-life balance on employee productivity and well-being. Journal of Management and Financial Sciences(50), 165-178. doi:https://doi.org/10.33119/jmfs.2023.50.9
Memon, A. H., Khahro, S. H., Memon, N. A., Memon, Z. A., & Mustafa, A. (2023). Relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance in the construction industry of Pakistan. Sustainability, 15(11), 8699. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118699
Moustafa, M. A., Elrayah, M., Aljoghaiman, A., Hasanein, A. M., & Ali, M. A. (2024). How does sustainable organizational support affect job burnout in the hospitality sector? The mediating role of psychological capital. Sustainability, 16(2), 840. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020840
Nurhasanah, N., Pratama, Y. A. S., & Nurmaisyah, I. (2023). The effect of job satisfaction, work-life balance and psychological well-being on employee performance at PT JAS. Applied Quantitative Analysis, 2(2), 1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.31098/quant.944
Nurhasanah, N., & Sarah, S. (2025). The influence of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on employee performance. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(3), 1411-1420. doi:https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i3.3342
Perumal, R., & Aithal, P. (2023). The significance and influence of Human Resource Management (HRM) on enterprise performance in the manufacturing sector: An in-depth analysis of Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) impacts. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 7(4), 291-299. doi:https://doi.org/10.47992/ijaeml.2581.7000.0205
Pradhan, R. K., & Hati, L. (2022). The measurement of employee well-being: Development and validation of a scale. Global Business Review, 23(2), 385-407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919859101
Rahmadhani, N. P., & Priyanti, Y. (2022). Konsep dasar kepuasan kerja: Sebuah tinjauan teori. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis, Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 1(1), 39-48. doi:https://doi.org/10.61930/jebmak.v1i1.7
Sugiyono, P. D. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D (M. Dr. Ir. Sutopo. S. Pd. ALFABETA, cv.
Susanto, P., Hoque, M. E., Jannat, T., Emely, B., Zona, M. A., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Work-life balance, job satisfaction, and job performance of SMEs employees: The moderating role of family-supportive supervisor behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 906876. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906876
Thalia, S., Bahiroh, E., Imron, A., & Harun, A. (2025). Effect of work life balance on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. Journal of Business Management and Economic Development, 3(02), 800-812. doi:https://doi.org/10.59653/jbmed.v3i02.1727
Udin, U. (2023). The impact of work-life balance on employee performance: Mediating role of affective commitment and job satisfaction. International Journal of Sustainable Development & Planning, 18(11), 3649-3655. doi:https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.181131
Wafy, D. J. I., & Deka, A. (2024). The effect of human resource management on employee performance–a systematic literature review. Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(1), 98-108. doi:https://doi.org/10.46287/drkz7140
Yang, Y., Obrenovic, B., Kamotho, D. W., Godinic, D., & Ostic, D. (2024). Enhancing job performance: The critical roles of well-being, satisfaction, and trust in supervisor. Behavioral Sciences, 14(8), 688. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080688
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2026-09-10
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