KETAHANAN MANAJEMEN KEWIRAUSAHAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
Abstract
Kewirausahaan melalui Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran strategis dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, terutama dalam kontribusinya terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja dan pemerataan pendapatan. Namun, UMKM menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti gangguan rantai pasok, keterbatasan likuiditas, serta dinamika pasar yang tidak menentu sehingga memerlukan ketahanan manajemen kewirausahaan yang adaptif dan berbasis prioritas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor - faktor utama yang memengaruhi ketahanan manajemen kewirausahaan UMKM serta menentukan prioritasnya menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur terhadap berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan yang kemudian dianalisis secara sistematis untuk membangun struktur hierarki AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama yang membentuk ketahanan UMKM meliputi sumber daya, keuangan, kompetensi, inovasi, adaptasi, dan jaringan usaha. Melalui penerapan AHP, diperoleh urutan prioritas faktor yang mendukung pengambilan keputusan strategis secara lebih terstruktur dan objektif. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi pelaku UMKM dalam meningkatkan efektivitas strategi bisnis serta menjaga keberlanjutan usaha di tengah ketidakpastian lingkungan.Downloads
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References
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Dias, Á. L., Cunha, I., Pereira, L., Costa, R. L., & Gonçalves, R. (2022). Revisiting small-and medium-sized enterprises’ innovation and resilience during COVID-19: the tourism sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1), 11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010011
Dini, D., Oemar, F., & Fatkhurahman, F. (2025). Pengaruh perilaku kewirausahaan generasi muda di kecamatan pangkalan kuras kabupaten pelalawan dilihat dari theory of planned behavior. Amnesia (Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia), 3(2), 109-122.
Dodevska, Z., Radovanović, S., Petrović, A., & Delibašić, B. (2023). When fairness meets consistency in AHP pairwise comparisons. Mathematics, 11(3), 604. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030604
Dos Santos, M., de Araújo Costa, I. P., & Gomes, C. F. S. (2021). Multicriteria decision-making in the selection of warships: a new approach to the AHP method. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 13(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v13i1.833
Furlong, D. E., & Lester, J. N. (2023). Toward a practice of qualitative methodological literature reviewing. Qualitative Inquiry, 29(6), 669-677. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/10778004221131028
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Guillén-Mena, V., Quesada-Molina, F., Astudillo-Cordero, S., Lema, M., & Ortiz-Fernández, J. (2023). Lessons learned from a study based on the AHP method for the assessment of sustainability in neighborhoods. MethodsX, 11, 102440. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2023.102440
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Hossain, M. R., Akhter, F., & Sultana, M. M. (2022). SMEs in covid-19 crisis and combating strategies: a systematic literature review (SLR) and A case from emerging economy. Operations research perspectives, 9, 100222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orp.2022.100222
Huang, M., Popaitoon, S., & Mumi, A. (2025). Thinking beyond challenges: how entrepreneurial metacognition shapes entrepreneurial resilience—insights from Chinese entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 101. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00585-7
Iftikhar, A., Purvis, L., & Giannoccaro, I. (2021). A meta-analytical review of antecedents and outcomes of firm resilience. Journal of Business Research, 135, 408-425. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.048
Jayadi, R., Rachmawati, R., & Yosmar, S. (2024). Analysis of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method in Determining Priority Decisions for Handling Stunting in Bengkulu Province. EduMatSains: Jurnal Pendidikan, Matematika dan Sains, 8(2), 176-188. doi:https://doi.org/10.33541/edumatsains.v8i2.5577
Kalpokas, N., & Radivojevic, I. (2021). Adapting practices from qualitative research to tell a compelling story: A practical framework for conducting a literature review. The Qualitative Report, 26(5), 1546-1566. doi:https://doi.org/10.46743/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4749
Kuckertz, A., & Brändle, L. (2022). Creative reconstruction: A structured literature review of the early empirical research on the COVID-19 crisis and entrepreneurship. Management Review Quarterly, 72(2), 281-307. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-021-00221-0
Lu, Y., Zhou, Y., & Liu, P. (2023). Improving the entrepreneurial ability of rural migrant workers returning home in China: Study based on 5,675 questionnaires. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 150. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01663-5
Mares, P., Costa, T., & Lima, M. J. (2025). The Role of Resilience and Theory of Planned Behavior Components in Shaping Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Study Among Business Students at IPS. European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 20(1), 437-447. doi:https://doi.org/10.34190/ecie.20.1.3889
Najib, M., Abdul Rahman, A. A., & Fahma, F. (2021). Business survival of small and medium-sized restaurants through a crisis: The role of government support and innovation. Sustainability, 13(19), 10535. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910535
Nugroho, A., Winardi, B., & ZM, A. A. (2023). Integration of AHP method in best employee selection: a multi-criteria decision analysis approach for decision making. International Journal of Mechanical Computational and Manufacturing Research, 12(2), 40-45. doi:https://doi.org/10.35335/computational.v12i2.119
Rosyidi, C. N. (2024). Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM): Deepublish.
Saad, M. H., Hagelaar, G., Van Der Velde, G., & Omta, S. (2021). Conceptualization of SMEs’ business resilience: A systematic literature review. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1), 1938347. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1938347
Santoro, G., Bertoldi, B., Giachino, C., & Candelo, E. (2020). Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial resilience and success: The moderating role of stakeholders' engagement. Journal of Business Research, 119, 142-150. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.052
Sarhan, S., & Manu, E. (2021). When does published literature constitute data for secondary research and how should the data be analysed? Secondary research methods in the built environment (pp. 69-87): Routledge.
Sarwar, Z., Khan, M. A., Yang, Z., Khan, A., Haseeb, M., & Sarwar, A. (2021). An investigation of entrepreneurial SMEs’ network capability and social capital to accomplish innovativeness: a dynamic capability perspective. Sage Open, 11(3), 21582440211036089. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211036089
Sauer, P. C., & Seuring, S. (2023). How to conduct systematic literature reviews in management research: a guide in 6 steps and 14 decisions. Review of managerial science, 17(5), 1899-1933. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-023-00668-3
Seraj, A. H. A., Fazal, S. A., & Alshebami, A. S. (2022). Entrepreneurial competency, financial literacy, and sustainable performance examining the mediating role of entrepreneurial resilience among Saudi entrepreneurs. Sustainability, 14(17), 10689. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710689
Setiawan, A., Hang, N. T. T., Fauzan, F., & Derana, G. T. (2023). Critical reading research and its implications for critical reading skills for Indonesian language teachers: A systematic literature review. Bahastra, 43(2), 152-182. doi:https://doi.org/10.26555/bs.v43i2.500
Setiawan, I. (2021). Pembiayaan UMKM, kinerja bank syariah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Islamic Banking: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pengembangan Perbankan Syariah, 6(2), 263-278. doi:https://doi.org/10.36908/isbank.v6i2.165
Setioko, S., Fitriani, Y., & Munawaroh, K. (2021). Strategi peningkatan usaha kecil mikro dan menengah (UMKM) di era pandemi Covid-19 pada Kota Metro. Journal of Community Development, 2(2), 60-65. doi:https://doi.org/10.47134/comdev.v2i2.24
Siregar, N. A., Pinem, M. Z., & Niska, D. Y. (2025). Internet Service Selection Decision Support System Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method (Case Study of PT Media Antar Nusa). SITEKIN: Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Industri, 22(2), 265-271. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/sitekin.v22i2.37338
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333-339. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Soam, S. K., N, S. R., BS, Y., Balasani, R., S, R., Marwaha, S., . . . Agrawal, R. (2023). AHP analyser: A decision-making tool for prioritizing climate change mitigation options and forest management. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 1099996. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1099996
Srimulyani, V. A., Hermanto, Y. B., Rustiyaningsih, S., & Waloyo, L. A. S. (2023). Internal factors of entrepreneurial and business performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in East Java, Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(11), e21637. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21637
Vindrola-Padros, C., & Johnson, G. A. (2020). Rapid techniques in qualitative research: a critical review of the literature. Qualitative health research, 30(10), 1596-1604. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732320921835
Vu, P. M., Van Binh, T., & Duong, L. N. K. (2023). How social capital affects innovation, marketing and entrepreneurial orientation: the case of SMEs in Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam). Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00350-8
Yasa, I. N. P., & Wiguna, I. G. N. H. (2022). Kewirausahaan Theopreneurship: Teori dan Kiat Menjadi Wirausaha: PT. RajaGrafindo Persada-Rajawali Pers.
Yaseen, A., Omar, R. B. C., Osman, L. H., & Hamid, R. B. A. (2025). Evaluating the framework of the notion entrepreneurial intention and resilience: a PRISMA approach. Administrative Sciences, 15(6), 224. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060224
Zhan, E. (2022). Implementasi Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process Untuk Mendukung Pengambilan Keputusan Dalam Pemilihan Saham. Journal of Digital Ecosystem for Natural Sustainability, 2(1), 8-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.63643/jodens.v2i1.66
Amanah, N., & Damayanti, E. (2021). Analisis perbandingan perkembangan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) sebelum dan sesudah mendapatkan pembiayaan mikro melalui program mekaar di wilayah cakung. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Bisnis Krisnadwipayana, 8(1), 43-54. doi:https://doi.org/10.35137/jabk.v8i1.351
Casasempere-Satorres, A., & Vercher-Ferrándiz, M. L. (2020). Análisis documental bibliográfico. Obteniendo el máximo rendimiento a la revisión de la literatura en investigaciones cualitativas. New Trends in Qualitative Research, 4, 247-257. doi:https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.4.2020.247-257
Conz, E., Magnani, G., Zucchella, A., & De Massis, A. (2023). Responding to unexpected crises: The roles of slack resources and entrepreneurial attitude to build resilience. Small Business Economics, 61(3), 957-981. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-022-00718-2
Dias, Á. L., Cunha, I., Pereira, L., Costa, R. L., & Gonçalves, R. (2022). Revisiting small-and medium-sized enterprises’ innovation and resilience during COVID-19: the tourism sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1), 11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010011
Dini, D., Oemar, F., & Fatkhurahman, F. (2025). Pengaruh perilaku kewirausahaan generasi muda di kecamatan pangkalan kuras kabupaten pelalawan dilihat dari theory of planned behavior. Amnesia (Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia), 3(2), 109-122.
Dodevska, Z., Radovanović, S., Petrović, A., & Delibašić, B. (2023). When fairness meets consistency in AHP pairwise comparisons. Mathematics, 11(3), 604. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030604
Dos Santos, M., de Araújo Costa, I. P., & Gomes, C. F. S. (2021). Multicriteria decision-making in the selection of warships: a new approach to the AHP method. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 13(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v13i1.833
Furlong, D. E., & Lester, J. N. (2023). Toward a practice of qualitative methodological literature reviewing. Qualitative Inquiry, 29(6), 669-677. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/10778004221131028
Gianiodis, P., Lee, S.-H., Zhao, H., Foo, M.-D., & Audretsch, D. (2022). Lessons on small business resilience. Journal of Small Business Management, 60(5), 1029-1040. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2022.2084099
Guillén-Mena, V., Quesada-Molina, F., Astudillo-Cordero, S., Lema, M., & Ortiz-Fernández, J. (2023). Lessons learned from a study based on the AHP method for the assessment of sustainability in neighborhoods. MethodsX, 11, 102440. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2023.102440
Harahap, I., Nawawi, Z. M., & Syahputra, A. (2023). Signifikansi Perananan Umkm Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Di Kota Medan Dalam Perspektif Syariah. Jurnal Tabarru': Islamic Banking and Finance, 6(2), 718-728. doi:https://doi.org/10.25299/jtb.2023.vol6(2).15302
Heredia, J., Rubiños, C., Vega, W., Heredia, W., & Flores, A. (2022). New strategies to explain organizational resilience on the firms: A cross-countries configurations Approach. Sustainability, 14(3), 1612. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031612
Hossain, M. R., Akhter, F., & Sultana, M. M. (2022). SMEs in covid-19 crisis and combating strategies: a systematic literature review (SLR) and A case from emerging economy. Operations research perspectives, 9, 100222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orp.2022.100222
Huang, M., Popaitoon, S., & Mumi, A. (2025). Thinking beyond challenges: how entrepreneurial metacognition shapes entrepreneurial resilience—insights from Chinese entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 101. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00585-7
Iftikhar, A., Purvis, L., & Giannoccaro, I. (2021). A meta-analytical review of antecedents and outcomes of firm resilience. Journal of Business Research, 135, 408-425. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.048
Jayadi, R., Rachmawati, R., & Yosmar, S. (2024). Analysis of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method in Determining Priority Decisions for Handling Stunting in Bengkulu Province. EduMatSains: Jurnal Pendidikan, Matematika dan Sains, 8(2), 176-188. doi:https://doi.org/10.33541/edumatsains.v8i2.5577
Kalpokas, N., & Radivojevic, I. (2021). Adapting practices from qualitative research to tell a compelling story: A practical framework for conducting a literature review. The Qualitative Report, 26(5), 1546-1566. doi:https://doi.org/10.46743/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4749
Kuckertz, A., & Brändle, L. (2022). Creative reconstruction: A structured literature review of the early empirical research on the COVID-19 crisis and entrepreneurship. Management Review Quarterly, 72(2), 281-307. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-021-00221-0
Lu, Y., Zhou, Y., & Liu, P. (2023). Improving the entrepreneurial ability of rural migrant workers returning home in China: Study based on 5,675 questionnaires. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 150. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01663-5
Mares, P., Costa, T., & Lima, M. J. (2025). The Role of Resilience and Theory of Planned Behavior Components in Shaping Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Study Among Business Students at IPS. European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 20(1), 437-447. doi:https://doi.org/10.34190/ecie.20.1.3889
Najib, M., Abdul Rahman, A. A., & Fahma, F. (2021). Business survival of small and medium-sized restaurants through a crisis: The role of government support and innovation. Sustainability, 13(19), 10535. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910535
Nugroho, A., Winardi, B., & ZM, A. A. (2023). Integration of AHP method in best employee selection: a multi-criteria decision analysis approach for decision making. International Journal of Mechanical Computational and Manufacturing Research, 12(2), 40-45. doi:https://doi.org/10.35335/computational.v12i2.119
Rosyidi, C. N. (2024). Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM): Deepublish.
Saad, M. H., Hagelaar, G., Van Der Velde, G., & Omta, S. (2021). Conceptualization of SMEs’ business resilience: A systematic literature review. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1), 1938347. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1938347
Santoro, G., Bertoldi, B., Giachino, C., & Candelo, E. (2020). Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial resilience and success: The moderating role of stakeholders' engagement. Journal of Business Research, 119, 142-150. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.052
Sarhan, S., & Manu, E. (2021). When does published literature constitute data for secondary research and how should the data be analysed? Secondary research methods in the built environment (pp. 69-87): Routledge.
Sarwar, Z., Khan, M. A., Yang, Z., Khan, A., Haseeb, M., & Sarwar, A. (2021). An investigation of entrepreneurial SMEs’ network capability and social capital to accomplish innovativeness: a dynamic capability perspective. Sage Open, 11(3), 21582440211036089. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211036089
Sauer, P. C., & Seuring, S. (2023). How to conduct systematic literature reviews in management research: a guide in 6 steps and 14 decisions. Review of managerial science, 17(5), 1899-1933. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-023-00668-3
Seraj, A. H. A., Fazal, S. A., & Alshebami, A. S. (2022). Entrepreneurial competency, financial literacy, and sustainable performance examining the mediating role of entrepreneurial resilience among Saudi entrepreneurs. Sustainability, 14(17), 10689. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710689
Setiawan, A., Hang, N. T. T., Fauzan, F., & Derana, G. T. (2023). Critical reading research and its implications for critical reading skills for Indonesian language teachers: A systematic literature review. Bahastra, 43(2), 152-182. doi:https://doi.org/10.26555/bs.v43i2.500
Setiawan, I. (2021). Pembiayaan UMKM, kinerja bank syariah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Islamic Banking: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pengembangan Perbankan Syariah, 6(2), 263-278. doi:https://doi.org/10.36908/isbank.v6i2.165
Setioko, S., Fitriani, Y., & Munawaroh, K. (2021). Strategi peningkatan usaha kecil mikro dan menengah (UMKM) di era pandemi Covid-19 pada Kota Metro. Journal of Community Development, 2(2), 60-65. doi:https://doi.org/10.47134/comdev.v2i2.24
Siregar, N. A., Pinem, M. Z., & Niska, D. Y. (2025). Internet Service Selection Decision Support System Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method (Case Study of PT Media Antar Nusa). SITEKIN: Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Industri, 22(2), 265-271. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/sitekin.v22i2.37338
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333-339. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Soam, S. K., N, S. R., BS, Y., Balasani, R., S, R., Marwaha, S., . . . Agrawal, R. (2023). AHP analyser: A decision-making tool for prioritizing climate change mitigation options and forest management. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 1099996. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1099996
Srimulyani, V. A., Hermanto, Y. B., Rustiyaningsih, S., & Waloyo, L. A. S. (2023). Internal factors of entrepreneurial and business performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in East Java, Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(11), e21637. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21637
Vindrola-Padros, C., & Johnson, G. A. (2020). Rapid techniques in qualitative research: a critical review of the literature. Qualitative health research, 30(10), 1596-1604. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732320921835
Vu, P. M., Van Binh, T., & Duong, L. N. K. (2023). How social capital affects innovation, marketing and entrepreneurial orientation: the case of SMEs in Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam). Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00350-8
Yasa, I. N. P., & Wiguna, I. G. N. H. (2022). Kewirausahaan Theopreneurship: Teori dan Kiat Menjadi Wirausaha: PT. RajaGrafindo Persada-Rajawali Pers.
Yaseen, A., Omar, R. B. C., Osman, L. H., & Hamid, R. B. A. (2025). Evaluating the framework of the notion entrepreneurial intention and resilience: a PRISMA approach. Administrative Sciences, 15(6), 224. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060224
Zhan, E. (2022). Implementasi Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process Untuk Mendukung Pengambilan Keputusan Dalam Pemilihan Saham. Journal of Digital Ecosystem for Natural Sustainability, 2(1), 8-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.63643/jodens.v2i1.66
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2026-05-29
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