FACTORS INFLUENCING FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD IN THE PENTAGON'S FRAUD PERSPECTIVE
Abstract
Financial statement fraud is a serious problem in Indonesia, threatening investor confidence and damaging the integrity of public companies. This phenomenon causes huge losses for investors and stakeholders and erodes confidence in the capital market. This study aims to identify how the five elements of the fraud pentagon—pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, and arrogance—contribute to financial statement fraud. Using a quantitative approach, this study analyzes data from public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2021-2024. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, and the data were processed through logistic regression analysis using SPSS 30 software. The data used were obtained from annual financial reports, yielding 120 samples. The results indicate that only rationalization and capability are significant factors in fraud, while pressure, opportunity, and arrogance are not significant in financial statement fraud. In conclusion, this study confirms that the fraud pentagon is a comprehensive and useful framework for detecting potential fraudulent practices in financial statements. Therefore, companies are advised to invest in improving their internal control systems and ensuring effective supervision to prevent fraud.
Downloads
References
Amalia, R., & Annisa, D. (2023). Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon Terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Dengan Komite Audit Sebagai Variabel Moderasi: Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Dasar dan Kimia yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018-2021. Journal of Applied Managerial Accounting, 7(1), 143–162.
Andriani, K. F., Budiartha, K., Sari, M. M. R., & Widanaputra, A. A. G. P. (2022). Fraud pentagon elements in detecting fraudulent financial statement. Linguistics and Culture Review, 6(on), 686–710.
Anggraeni, S. D. (2023). Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon Terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Tahun 2016–2020. Soetomo Accounting Review, 1(4), 590–604.
Fadhilah, N. H. K., Agustin, T. S., Novitasari, S. A., Mulyadi, W., & Paulina, E. (2023). Analisis Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Dalam Perspektif Fraud Pentagon. Jurnal Aktiva: Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 5(2), 92–109.
Haryanti, R. (2023). Analisis Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan PT Asuransi Jiwasraya dengan Analisis Fraud Pentagon. Sanskara Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 1(02), 92–99.
Hastuti, P. M. D., Rahayu, S., & Pratiwi, E. C. (2023). Fraud Pentagon Theory Terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan di Sektor Perusahaan Manufaktur. Jurnal Ekobistek, 12(2), 614–621.
Khoyriyah, I., Mila, S., & Pujiastuti, A. (2025). Fraud Pentagon: Analisis Potensi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Journal Economic Insights, 4(1), 1–12.
Kurniawan, D., & Reskino, R. (2023). Peran Good Corporate Governance terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan: Perspektif Fraud Pentagon pada Kementerian dan Lembaga Pemerintah. Kompartemen: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 21(1), 111–129.
Kusumastuti, S. Y., Nurhayati, N., Faisal, A., Rahayu, D. H., & Hartini, H. (2024). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif: Panduan Lengkap Penulisan untuk Karya Ilmiah Terbaik. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Mardiatmoko, G. (2020). Pentingnya uji asumsi klasik pada analisis regresi linier berganda (studi kasus penyusunan persamaan allometrik kenari muda [canarium indicum l.]). BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika Dan Terapan, 14(3), 333–342.
Miharsi, D., Gamayuni, R. R., & Dharma, F. (2024). Analysis of the utilization of Altman Z-Score, Beneish M-Score, and F-Score model in detecting fraudulent of financial reporting: a literature review. Journal of Management, Accounting, General Finance and International Economic Issues, 3(2), 353–364.
Natasya, R. U., & Kuntadi, C. (2023). Pengaruh Leverage, Tekanan Eksternal, dan Stabilitas Keuangan Terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS), 2(1).
Rachma, A. M., Sapitri, S., & Novelina, F. (2024). Analisa Peran Audit Internal Dalam Mengatasi Kecurangan Terhadap Laporan Keuangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Pancasila (JIAP), 4(2), 133–141.
Rahman, A. A. (2019a). Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan dalam Perspektif Fraud Pentagon. JAF (Journal of Accounting and Finance), 3(2), 34–44.
Ratnasari, M., & Rofi, M. A. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang Memotivasi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Journal of Management and Business Review, 17(1), 79–107.
Risal, R., Jaurino, J., Kristiawati, E. K., Sartono, S., & Wulandari, R. (2022). Fenomena Kecurangan Pemesanan Pada Jasa Transportasi Online Dalam Perspektif Fraud Triangle. JAD: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Keuangan Dewantara, 5(2), 65–78.
Sahla, W. A., & Ardianto, A. (2023). Ethical Values and Auditors Fraud Tendency Perception: Testing of Fraud Pentagon Theory. Journal of Financial Crime, 30(4), 966–982.
Setiawan, A., & Qur’an, A. A. (2022). Fraud Diamond Terhadap Kecurangan Akademik. Jurnal Akuntansi, Auditing Dan Investasi, 2(1), 30–34.
Setiawan, A., Widyastuti, R. D., & Sari, W. (2023). Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Pada Usaha, Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Pontianak. Jurnal Akuntansi, Auditing Dan Investasi, 3(2), 28–36.
Setiawan, D., Wea, S. L., Safitri, R. A., & Sumarni, T. (2024). Analisa pelanggaran etika profesi akuntansi (Studi kasus PT Garuda Indonesia: Skandal manipulasi laporan keuangan). Research Accounting and Auditing Journal, 1(2), 62–70.
Setiawati, E., & Baningrum, R. M. (2018). Deteksi Fraudulent Financial Reporting Menggunakan Analisis Fraud Pentagon: Studi kasus pada perusahaan manufaktur yang listed di BEI Tahun 2014-2016. Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 3(2), 91–106.
Sohada, N. N., & Tanusdjaja, H. (2024). Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Dalam Perspektif Fraud Pentagon. Jurnal Paradigma Akuntansi, 6(4), 1669–1678.
Sujarweni, V. W. (2014). Metodelogi penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Baru Perss, 74.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Akutansi dan Keuangan allows readers to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of its articles and allow readers to use them for any other lawful purpose. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions. Finally, the journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
Authors are allowed to archive their submitted article in an open access repository
Authors are allowed to archive the final published article in an open access repository with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal




