THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND REGULATORY STRATEGIES ON THE ECONOMICS: LEARNING FROM INDONESIA, CHINA, AND EUROPE
Abstract
This study examines the economic impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on labor markets and regulatory strategies in Indonesia, China, and Europe. Through a literature review, it assesses how AI adoption influences productivity, job creation, and displacement in these regions. Indonesia faces challenges like infrastructural and educational gaps, though targeted investments and reskilling could boost growth and mitigate job losses. Meanwhile, China and Europe benefit from AI-driven productivity but also confront labor market disruptions, requiring strong policy responses. Indonesia focuses on foundational AI integration, while China pursues aggressive technological advancement and regulation. Europe prioritizes ethical AI use, data protection, and workforce resilience through education and retraining. The study highlights the importance of region-specific regulatory frameworks and calls for continued international collaboration to address global AI-related labor issues. Cross-regional knowledge exchange is crucial for managing labor market transitions and ensuring AI's benefits are widely shared.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI); Labor Market Disruption; Regulatory Frameworks
Abstrak
Studi ini meneliti dampak ekonomi kecerdasan buatan (AI) terhadap pasar tenaga kerja dan strategi regulasi di Indonesia, Tiongkok, dan Eropa. Melalui tinjauan literatur, studi ini mengevaluasi bagaimana adopsi AI memengaruhi produktivitas, penciptaan lapangan kerja, dan pengurangan tenaga kerja di wilayah-wilayah tersebut. Indonesia menghadapi tantangan seperti kesenjangan infrastruktur dan pendidikan, meskipun investasi yang ditargetkan dan peningkatan keterampilan dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan mengurangi kehilangan pekerjaan. Sementara itu, Tiongkok dan Eropa memperoleh manfaat dari produktivitas yang didorong oleh AI, tetapi juga menghadapi gangguan pasar tenaga kerja, yang membutuhkan respons kebijakan yang kuat. Indonesia berfokus pada integrasi AI dasar, sedangkan Tiongkok mengejar kemajuan teknologi dan regulasi secara agresif. Eropa memprioritaskan penggunaan AI yang etis, perlindungan data, serta ketahanan tenaga kerja melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan ulang. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya kerangka regulasi spesifik untuk setiap wilayah dan menyerukan kerjasama internasional yang berkelanjutan untuk mengatasi isu-isu tenaga kerja terkait AI secara global. Pertukaran pengetahuan lintas wilayah sangat penting untuk mengelola transisi pasar tenaga kerja dan memastikan manfaat AI dapat dinikmati secara luas.
Kata Kunci: Kecerdasan Buatan; Gangguan Pasar Tenaga Kerja; Kerangka Regulasi
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