THE INFLUENCE OF LIQUIDITY, SOLVENCY AND FINANCING DISTRIBUTION ON THE PROFITABILITY OF ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDONESIA (PERIOD 2022-2024)
Keywords:
Financing Distribution, Islamic Commercial Bank, Liquidity, Profitability, Solvency
Abstract
One of the primary metrics used to evaluate the success of Indonesia's Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) is profitability. The purpose of this study is to examine how the financing distribution (FDR), solvency (DER), and liquidity (CR) affected BUS's return on assets (ROA) during the period. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate 39 observations of secondary data from 13 BUS. The findings show that ROA is positively and significantly impacted by CR and FDR, but not significantly by DER. These three factors together account for 62% of the variation in ROA. The findings emphasize the necessity of good liquidity management and funding distribution optimization in increasing the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. This study's practical implications give management insights for boosting liquidity and financing methods in Islamic banking institutions, hence strengthening financial performance.
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References
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Puspitasari, K., & Muflih, M. (2024). The Effect of Solvency and Liquidity on the Profitability of Indonesian and Saudi Arabian Islamic Commercial Banks: An Empirical Analysis Based on Stakeholder Theory. Ekspansi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, Perbankan, dan Akuntansi, 16(2), 54-75. doi:https://doi.org/10.35313/ekspansi.v16i2.6435
Rizky, E. F., Tamara, D. A. D., & Hadiani, F. (2023). Analisis Determinan Financing to Deposit Ratio Pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Periode 2017-2022. Journal of Applied Islamic Economics and Finance, 3(3), 493-506. doi:https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v3i3.5339
Rusydiana, A. S., & Prakoso, D. (2021). The Influence of Internal and Macroeconomic Factors on the Profitability of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Ekonomi Islam Indonesia, 3(2), 1-6. doi:https://doi.org/10.58968/eii.v3i2.43
Scholtens, B., & Wensveen, D. v. (2003). The Theory of Financial Intermediation: An Essay on What it Does (Not) Explain. Vienna: SUERF.
Sigalingging, H. S. R., & Pangaribuan, H. (2022). Pengaruh Solvabilitas Terhadap Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Perusahaan Sub Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI dari Tahun 2018-2019. JURNAL EKONOMI, SOSIAL & HUMANIORA, 3(7), 112-120.
Simatupang, A., & Franzlay, D. (2016). Capital Adequacy Ratio(CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Efisiensi Operasional (BOPO) dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Administrasi Kantor, 4(2), 466-485.
Sjarief, L., Ghoni, M. A., & Affandi, M. T. (2023). The Role of Financial Performance on the Profitability of Indonesian Islamic Banks. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 277-285. doi:https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol9.iss2.art9
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sulistyorini, E., Sarasmitha, C., June, C. G. T., & Jauhari, B. (2024). Financial Performance: A Study of CAR and FDR Impact on ROA in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Business Management Research, 3(1), 42-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/bismar.v3i1.13505
Zaharum, Z., Latif, R. A., Isa, M. A. M., & Hanafi, M. H. (2022). The Influence of Liquidity Management on Banks’ Profitability. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(6), 820-829. doi:https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i6/14038
Ascarya, A., Suharto, U., & Husman, J. A. (2022). Proposed model of integrated Islamic commercial and social finance for Islamic bank in Indonesia. Eurasian Economic Review, 12(1), 115-138. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-022-00201-z
Asrandi, M., Kara, M., & Parmitasari, R. D. A. (2023). Determinants of Financial Performance with Islamic Financial Technology Moderation in Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 7(10), 1291-1310. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2023.71009
Coulon, Y. (2020). Key Liquidity and Solvency Ratios Rational Investing with Ratios: Implementing Ratios with Enterprise Value and Behavioral Finance (pp. 47-62). Cham: Springer.
Darmalaksana, W. (2022). The Need for Social Theology to Strengthen the Social Functions of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 78(1), 1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i1.7342
Drissi, S., & Angade, K. (2019). Islamic Financial Intermediation the Emergence of a New Model. European Journal of Islamic Finance, 12, 1-6. doi:https://doi.org/10.13135/2421-2172/2880
Fadhilah, N., & Nisa, H. (2024). Analysis of Factors Affecting Profitability (Study on Islamic Commercial Banks Registered with the Financial Services Authority in 2018-2022). Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (DIJEFA), 5(5), 5203-5212. doi:https://doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v5i5.3399
Faizah, I., Ariyadi, Rina, D. E. M., & Rezkiani, E. Y. (2024). Profitability Ratio Analysis in Measuring Financial Performance in Islamic Banking Listed on the IDX (2021-2023). Al-Mashrof: Islamic Banking and Finance, 5(2), 166-190. doi:https://doi.org/10.24042/al-mashrof.v5i2.24788
Fauziah, R., Mai, M. U., & Purbayati, R. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh NPF dan FDR terhadap Profitabilitas dengan CAR Sebagai Variabel Intervening: Studi Kasus Bank Umum Syariah Indonesia 2011-2020. Journal of Applied Islamic Economics and Finance, 2(3), 622-631. doi:https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v2i3.3726
Fitriana, D., Yuni, K. C., & Sopingi, I. (2024). Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Financing to Deposit Ratio Terhadap Profitability Bank Syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Perbankan (Journal of Economics, Management and Banking), 10(1), 31-38. doi:https://doi.org/10.35384/jemp.v10i1.485
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program IBM SPSS. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Humairah, N., Andriansyah, Y., & Badjie, F. (2023). Determinants of Profitability in Indonesian Islamic Banks: Insights on Financial Performance. Unisia, 41(2), 413-440. doi:https://doi.org/10.20885/unisia.vol41.iss2.art9
Irham, R., & Indriani, M. (2025). The Determinants of Inflation, Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Size, and Age of Banks on the Profitability of Islamic Banks. Indonesian Journal of Banking and Financial Technology, 3(3), 361-380. doi:https://doi.org/10.55927/fintech.v3i3.111
Juhro, S. M., Syarifuddin, F., & Sakti, A. (2025). Islamic Economic and Financial System Inclusive Welfare: On the Role of Islamic Social-Public Finance and Monetary Economics (pp. 27-82). Singapore: Springer.
Kasmir. (2019). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Depok: Rajawali Press.
Kühn, J. (2006). Optimal Risk-Return Trade-Offs of Commercial Banks: and the Suitability of Profitability Measures for Loan Portfolios. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin.
Mallick, S., & Yang, Y. (2011). Sources of Financing, Profitability and Productivity: First Evidence from Matched Firms. Financial markets, institutions & instruments, 20(5), 221-252. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0416.2011.00170.x
Marinković, S. (2009). The Interaction of Profitability with Solvency: A Simple Model of a Bank. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 4(2), 81-85. doi:https://doi.org/10.2478/v10033-009-0016-1
Nazir, Marzuki, Ramadhaniati, S., Khadafi, M., Albra, W., & Husaini, H. (2018). Determinants Profitability of Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Finance Economics and Business, ICOFEB 2018, 1, 1-7. doi:https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.12-11-2018.2288851
Nisa, K., Andriansyah, Y., & Hasan, B. B. (2023). Determinants of Profitability in Indonesian Islamic Banks: Financial and Macroeconomic Insights. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 9(2), 567-590. doi:https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol9.iss2.art14
Nugroho, D., Riyanti, & Hakim, L. (2023). Pengaruh Pembiayaan Bagi Hasil, Inflasi, Current Ratio dan Debt to Asset Ratio Terhadap Return on Asset pada Bank Umum Syariah yang Terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Jurnal Muhammadiyah Manajemen Bisnis, 4(1), 33-46. doi:https://doi.org/10.24853/jmmb.4.1.33-46
Nurdahlia, Kasmawati, & Munika, R. (2022). The Effect of CAR, NPF, BOPO and FDR on the Profitability of Sharia Commercial Banks Registered in the Financial Services Authority for the 2016-2020 Period. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Indonesia, 4(1), 22-32. doi:https://doi.org/10.55768/jrmi.v4i1.89
Pratama, V. Y., & Rohmawati, A. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Rasio Solvabilitas dan Efisiensi Perbankan Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Periode 2016-2020. Studia Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 8(1), 152-165. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/se.v8i1.12731
Prochnow, H. V. (1949). Bank Liquidity and the New Doctrine of Anticipated Income. The Journal of Finance, 4(4), 298-314. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2975424
Puspitasari, K., & Muflih, M. (2024). The Effect of Solvency and Liquidity on the Profitability of Indonesian and Saudi Arabian Islamic Commercial Banks: An Empirical Analysis Based on Stakeholder Theory. Ekspansi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, Perbankan, dan Akuntansi, 16(2), 54-75. doi:https://doi.org/10.35313/ekspansi.v16i2.6435
Rizky, E. F., Tamara, D. A. D., & Hadiani, F. (2023). Analisis Determinan Financing to Deposit Ratio Pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Periode 2017-2022. Journal of Applied Islamic Economics and Finance, 3(3), 493-506. doi:https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v3i3.5339
Rusydiana, A. S., & Prakoso, D. (2021). The Influence of Internal and Macroeconomic Factors on the Profitability of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Ekonomi Islam Indonesia, 3(2), 1-6. doi:https://doi.org/10.58968/eii.v3i2.43
Scholtens, B., & Wensveen, D. v. (2003). The Theory of Financial Intermediation: An Essay on What it Does (Not) Explain. Vienna: SUERF.
Sigalingging, H. S. R., & Pangaribuan, H. (2022). Pengaruh Solvabilitas Terhadap Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Perusahaan Sub Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI dari Tahun 2018-2019. JURNAL EKONOMI, SOSIAL & HUMANIORA, 3(7), 112-120.
Simatupang, A., & Franzlay, D. (2016). Capital Adequacy Ratio(CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Efisiensi Operasional (BOPO) dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Administrasi Kantor, 4(2), 466-485.
Sjarief, L., Ghoni, M. A., & Affandi, M. T. (2023). The Role of Financial Performance on the Profitability of Indonesian Islamic Banks. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 277-285. doi:https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol9.iss2.art9
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sulistyorini, E., Sarasmitha, C., June, C. G. T., & Jauhari, B. (2024). Financial Performance: A Study of CAR and FDR Impact on ROA in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Business Management Research, 3(1), 42-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/bismar.v3i1.13505
Zaharum, Z., Latif, R. A., Isa, M. A. M., & Hanafi, M. H. (2022). The Influence of Liquidity Management on Banks’ Profitability. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(6), 820-829. doi:https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i6/14038
Published
2025-07-21
How to Cite
Abdushamad, A., Fitria, A., & Riza, A. (2025, July 21). THE INFLUENCE OF LIQUIDITY, SOLVENCY AND FINANCING DISTRIBUTION ON THE PROFITABILITY OF ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDONESIA (PERIOD 2022-2024). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan (JAK), 30(2), 151-161. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23960/jak.v30i2.4141
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